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Track the progress and impact of key T2D Network initiatives. Explore ongoing projects, engagement metrics, and collaboration efforts aimed at improving Type 2 Diabetes care and awareness. T2D Network Project Dashboard The Dashboard provides a real-time view of key initiatives aimed at improving T2D support and awareness. Projects Overview HealthLink BC and T2D Network Connections IPTN Remission Activities Mental Health T2D Prevention Demonstration Project Metis Education Strategy NHS Diabetes Prevention Program Review Research Partnerships South Asian Health Strategy T2D Data Set Development T2D Network Redevelopment T2D Network Website Refresh Last updated May 2025 Explore Our Comprehensive Medical Treatments Key Activities ✅Develop relationship and share ✅ Identify gaps in information ✅ Link systems together - go live Completion Date 👉March - May 2025 HealthLink BC and T2D Network Connections Brief Project Objective Establish relationship with appropriate HealthLinkBC personnel to enable collaboration on T2D education resources. Identify gaps in HealthLinkBC T2D education resources that can be filled by T2DN resources. Collaborate with HealthLinkBC personnel to incorporate T2DN education resources into HealthLinkBC resources. Expected Results/Impacted Population Create an organizational partnership with HealthLinkBC. Create a “package” of resources that can be integrated into the HealthLinkBC resources. Ensure the BC population using the HealthLinkBC service have access to the information they need. Key Activities ✅Rural remission toolkit ✅Culturally specific approaches ✅Support community engagement Completion Date 👉March - August 2025 IPTN Remission Activities Brief Project Objective Create an instructional/educational “Tool Kit” for communities to engage in T2D Remission care. Create culturally tailored T2D remission resources for South Asian community members, based on the previously developed “Tool Kit”. Expected Results/Impacted Population Rural communities across BC will have greater access to IPTN T2D remission resources. Remission “Tool Kit” implemented into South Asian project as one of many tools to aid the South Asian community in T2D self-care. Key Activities ✅ Phase 1 - Information sharing ✅ Phase 2 - Sequenced ✅ Evaluation Completion Date 👉June 2025 Mental Health / T2D Prevention Demonstration Project Brief Project Objective Strengthen information sharing between BounceBack (BB) and Small Steps for Big Changes (SSBC) , to address T2D prevention and mental health. Align intake, referrals, data sharing, and evaluation processes for deeper program integration. Develop a shared evaluation framework with key performance indicators (KPIs) and qualitative insights from staff and leadership. Expected Results/Impacted Population Increase awareness of both programs through cross-promotion. Support individuals in Prince George, Summerland, Oliver, and Grand Forks with mental health and T2D prevention. Expand SSBC’s virtual access for underserved northern and interior regions. Establish shared KPIs, data-sharing agreements, and streamlined referrals. Develop an evaluation framework, focus groups with participants and coaches, and a demonstration project report. Key Activities ✅ Consult with Metis community ✅ Develop appropriate materials ✅ Education support Completion Date 👉TBD Metis Education Strategy Brief Project Objective Assess and understand the needs of the Métis community regarding T2D awareness, education, and self-care - using a survey tool. Develop culturally tailored resources to empower Métis individuals in managing their health, inspired by the T2DN South Asian project. Implement a distribution strategy to reach those most in need and evaluate the project's impact. Expected Results/Impacted Population Support implementation and administration of survey tool during summer of 2025. Expect accurate and useful survey data by ~August 2025. Once data is established, collaborate with Metis Federation to develop appropriate T2D support plan. Include Metis Nation groups. There are just under 100,000 self-identified Metis in BC. Metis Nation BC has ~25,000 members. We do not know how many members Metis Federation BC currently has. Key Activities ✅ Review & Data Collection ✅ Stakeholder Engagement ✅ Analysis & Recommendations Completion Date 👉December 2023 Journal Publication 👉 Journal of Diabetology December 2023 National Health Service Diabetes Prevention Program Review Brief Project Objective Review diabetes prevention programs within the NHS, focusing on Type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevention. Evaluate the effectiveness of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) in reducing T2D incidence. Assess the structure, reach, and outcomes of lifestyle interventions, community outreach, and healthcare system support. Analyze evidence-based strategies for T2D prevention and address diverse population needs. Expected Results/Impacted Population Evaluate program effectiveness in preventing T2D and improving patient outcomes. Assess impact on high-risk groups (e.g., prediabetes, ethnic minorities, socioeconomically deprived). Identify success factors like personalized care, patient engagement, and digital tools. Provide recommendations to improve program accessibility, equity, and sustainability. Understand financial implications and cost-effectiveness of prevention programs. Key Activities ✅Seed funding grant ✅Research partnership ✅Knowledge translation Completion Date 👉TBD Research Partnerships Brief Project Objective To seek and support projects that address specific research questions related to T2D prevention, self-management, and care through seed funding grants and partnership with research groups. Establish and strengthen research partnerships with academic and research institutions, healthcare organizations, and community partners to advance collaborative research on T2D prevention and support in the community. Expected Results/Impacted Population Facilitation of research that directly addresses key knowledge gaps in T2D, fostering innovation and collaboration through funded projects that generate actionable insights and contribute to future initiatives. Expanded research collaborations leading to more educational opportunities, joint grant applications, and knowledge translation initiatives. Key Activities ✅ Screening clinic prototype ✅ Develop appropriate materials ✅ Integrate SA perspectives Completion Date 👉March - August 2025 Journal Publication 👉 Clinical Journal of Diabetes Care and Control Sept 2024 South Asian Health Strategy Brief Project Objective Support a community T2D screening initiative run by a partner pharmacy to increase screening availability in the South Asian Surrey community, and develop South Asian T2D care knowledge within the T2DN. Culturally tailored materials developed to increase the agency of South Asian people to self-care. Completed in conjunction with IPTN. Ensure South Asian patient partner engagement in Stigma project. Expected Results/Impacted Population Screening sessions are run once every two months, with up to 300 individuals being screened. Conducted in South Asian cultural facilities, with links to the formal healthcare system for those requiring further care. Almost 474,000 individuals of South Asian descent in BC. T2DN culturally tailored resources fill an identified gap in the self-care resources available for South Asians. Reduce stigma against T2D in South Asian communities. Key Activities ✅Secure partnerships ✅ Establish relevant T2D data set ✅ Assess impact and monitor Completion Date 👉April - May 2025 T2D Data Set Development Brief Project Objective Increase access, quantity, and accuracy of T2D focused data within BC. Incorporate data into T2DN initiative evaluations to more accurately establish performance. Expected Results/Impacted Population Indirectly supports all projects the T2DN engages in. Creates a direct performance measure for T2DN projects. Key Activities ✅T2D Network education ✅ Increase awareness ✅ Membership drive Completion Date 👉Ongoing T2D Network Development Brief Project Objective Launch an educational series with monthly newsletters and expert-led vodcast/podcast sessions. Increase awareness of T2D resources and support among individuals with or at risk of T2D, healthcare providers, and the public. Expand the T2D Network membership by promoting benefits to individuals, healthcare professionals, and community partners. Expected Results/Impacted Population Improve T2D prevention and support knowledge for individuals and caregivers in BC. Strengthen knowledge-sharing among healthcare providers, researchers, and experts through accessible educational content. Increase public awareness and visibility of T2D resources across BC communities. Drive membership growth, creating a larger, more engaged community with exclusive benefits. Key Activities ✅Patient/provider engagement ✅Website redesign ✅ Comms and marketing Completion Date 👉Feb/March 2025 Journal Publication 👉 In Progress T2D Network Website Refresh Brief Project Objective Establish patient and provider advisory groups to guide website design, resource needs, and cultural relevance. Redesign a user-centered, culturally inclusive website to improve access to credible resources, coordination, and self-management support for individuals at risk of or living with T2D in BC. Increase awareness of the T2D Network as a resource hub through targeted email and social media campaigns. Expected Results/Impacted Population Integrate patient and provider feedback into website design and resources. Develop a report on engagement insights for future projects. Enhance user engagement through increased website traffic, positive feedback, and improved resource access for T2D prevention and management. Boost utilization of T2D Network resources through higher website visits, social media interactions, and feedback from healthcare professionals and individuals with T2D.

Explore the T2D Network dedicated to type 2 diabetes support through education, resources, and community engagement in British Columbia. #T2DNetwork To view this website in a different language - set your preferred language on your browser HERE. Type 2 Diabetes Network Uniting communities, healthcare providers, and partners across British Columbia to support type 2 diabetes We are here to support you to find the information that you need Diabetes Resources for Patients & Caregivers Access essential facts and resources about type 2 diabetes, including risk factors, symptoms, and prevention strategies to stay informed and take proactive steps towards better health. Diabetes Resources for Healthcare Professionals Discover tools and resources designed for healthcare professionals, including guidelines, interactive tools, and patient education materials to support effective decision-making. Diabetes by Numbers The statistics are alarming. Diabetes has become a widespread issue, affecting over 11 million Canadians. % Percentage of British Columbians living with diabetes or prediabetes % Percentage of British Columbians living with diagnosed diabetes % Percentage expected increase in diabetes in British Columbia (2023-2033) 20 0 20 What's New This Week NEWS A new low-cost tool developed by University of Exeter, UK, researchers can predict the most effective glucose-lowering drug for individuals with type 2 diabetes , offering a breakthrough in personalized treatment that could improve outcomes for millions worldwide. Read More PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT The Obesity Canada Education Hub is your go-to platform for trusted, evidence-informed education in obesity care. Read More EVENTS Charting the Course for Hospital at Home: A Lunch and Learn Workshop Series Every third Tuesday of every month, 10AM PST Join Hospital at Home and learn more about technologies leveraged in this model of care, and explore ways to ensure its ability to last and grow. Engage in discussions with individuals with similar interests to shape the future of health care! Read More RESOURCES Choosing Wisely Canada has developed a resource toolkit to empower pharmacists with knowledge and tools for effective blood glucose monitoring, improved patient care, and sustainable healthcare. Read More Join our T2D Network Join the Network Join the T2D Network to connect with a vibrant community dedicated to tackling T2D through collaboration, innovation, and shared resources. By becoming a member, you gain access through our newsletters and webinars, to research, educational resources, and opportunities for networking with experts and peers. Your involvement can make a significant impact on shaping the future of diabetes care and improving support for individuals with T2D in British Columbia. Unique Visitors 0 Website Sessions 0 Desktop Visitors 0 Mobile Visitors 0 Our Website Statistics for the First Quarter 2025 Unique visitors refer to the number of individual users who visit a website, while site sessions count the total number of visits, including repeat visits by the same user. Upcoming Events Dr. David Campbell is an Internal Medicine and Endocrinology specialist at the University of Calgary whose research focuses on health equity and improving diabetes care for socially disadvantaged populations. Video Podcast: Diabetes and the Social Determinants of Health We’ve got an exciting event coming up! Dr. David Campbell , a clinician-scientist from the University of Calgary, joins host Krista Lamb to discuss his work studying diabetes in those experiencing homelessness or food insecurity. Dr. Campbell's research considers the importance of strategies that remove structural barriers to needed healthcare. His team also looks at how to provide solutions that are empathetic and foster mutual respect. In addition, Dr. Campbell will discuss his out-of-the-box knowledge mobilization strategies, including his team's short film, Low , and the photo voice exhibit, Home Sweet Homeless. During the recording, Dr. Campbell will answer the audience’s questions, so be sure to join us live to participate! 👉 Post your questions ahead of time in our Forum 👉 Date: June 3, 2025 (12:00-1:00 PM PST) Register Here IDEA Diabetes Stepping Stones Workshop: Spark Interest, Build Trust, and Inspire Hope This three-day virtual workshop will ignite interest in a different way to thinking, talk and do diabetes, based upon a foundation of hope, empowerment, and equity. Participants will consider the opportunities for better outcomes and a better future for people with diabetes and how each one of us can make a difference. This workshop is for people who are involved in healthcare and health leadership, including in Indigenous communities, and have the interest, energy, and influence to shape the community approach to diabetes. 👉 Date: May 6 -7, 2025 👉 Find out more information, the cost, and how to register here Register Here Featured Past Events Did you miss our vodcast? No problem, here's a short preview. April Vodcast Recap – More Science, Less Stigma: A Conversation with Obesity Canada Watch Full Vodcast on YouTube Krista Lamb had a insightful conversation with Ian Patton, Director of Advocacy and Patient Engagement at Obesity Canada. They talked about the organization's mission to fight weight bias and improve access to quality, evidence-based obesity care. Ian also shared insights on the Canadian Adult Obesity Clinical Practice Guideline, a key resource in obesity management and its connection to T2D. Testimonials “This is outstanding! Great compilation of what is out there in one stop shopping!” Diabetes Clinical Nurse Specialist "This website is truly a wealth of information where people can find everything they need to help them sort out this difficult health issue." Patient Partner “The culturally relevant resources, especially for Indigenous communities, makes this website feel truly inclusive.” Diabetes Practice Advisor “Wow. I am blown away! I can share this with others in my T2D journey so they can look around at all the great things being done to support T2D .” Patient Partner "I think this is an excellent resource. It’s very helpful for both patients and healthcare providers." Community Nurse "Thank you for letting us have a voice" Patient Partner "You have done a great job putting a huge number of mainstream diabetes links, well organized by topics, in one place.” Patient Partner “This is a great website Well done!” Pharmacist Researcher Stay tuned for upcoming events and sign up for your Network newsletter or follow us on social media. You can also access past event recordings, webinars, and resources on our T2D Resource Archive and Blog page. Check out our latest blog posts to stay updated on the newest insights, trends, and information in diabetes care.

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Blog Key Insights ✅Our umbrella review found that culturally tailored, community-based interventions are most effective for preventing and managing T2D in South Asian populations. ✅ In Surrey, BC, we’re bringing diabetes screening and education into trusted community spaces, with a focus on early detection, culturally adapted tools, and stigma reduction. ✅ Joy, our patient partner and a South Asian woman living with T2D, shares her lived experience in a powerful video that highlights the importance of culturally informed care. ✅ Our work is about more than healthcare — it's about inclusion, representation, and making diabetes support truly accessible. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) continues to rise at an alarming rate across the globe, but its impact is not evenly distributed. South Asian populations, including those from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka, are among the most disproportionately affected, developing T2DM earlier, and often with more severe complications, than other ethnic groups. The South Asian community has grown significantly in the last 25 years, according to Stats Canada - the majority of whom were immigrants. Image: Stats Canada: South Asian Immigration to Canada An Ontarian study examined how many of these South Asian immigrants had diabetes and found a rate of 15.9%; higher than the 11.6% prevalence in the non-immigrant population. The study also found that men had higher rates of diabetes than women in each South Asian group. Sociodemographic factors, such as income, education, English proficiency, and refugee status, were also associated with higher diabetes prevalence. This elevated risk is shaped by a complex intersection of genetic predisposition, cultural dietary habits, socioeconomic stressors, and access barriers that demand not only clinical attention but also a deep understanding of the community context. Why Focus on South Asian Communities? Studying this population isn’t just about numbers, though the numbers are striking. In Canada alone, over 2 million people identify as South Asian, making up the largest racialized group in the country. In 2021, South Asians made up 7.1% of Canada's total population, representing over a quarter (26.7%) of the visible minority group. British Columbia is home to nearly half a million individuals of South Asian descent, many of whom live in cities like Surrey, where cultural and religious institutions serve as anchors of community life. Despite these numbers, South Asian communities remain underrepresented in health research and underserved in preventive and diabetes care. We believe that addressing diabetes disparities in this group is about more than improving clinical outcomes. It's about equity, representation, and inclusion. Culturally relevant approaches aren't just “nice to have”, they're essential to building trust and delivering care that makes sense in people’s daily lives. Focusing on this population allows us to spotlight solutions that are tailored, respectful, and sustainable. What We Learned: Our Umbrella Review To better understand what works in preventing and managing T2DM in South Asian populations, our team conducted an umbrella review , a rigorous synthesis of 21 existing systematic reviews, including 7 meta-analyses. This review, recently published in the Clinical Journal of Diabetes Care and Control  (September 2024) , highlights the critical role of culturally tailored, community-based interventions. We found that interventions are far more effective when they align with people’s lived realities, whether that means incorporating traditional foods into dietary plans, respecting religious practices such as fasting during Ramadan, or providing materials in a person’s first language. The most impactful programs were those that combined practical lifestyle guidance with accessible self-management education and supportive technology, such as mobile health apps and reminder systems. Importantly, the review emphasized the power of multidisciplinary, community-anchored care. Programs that engaged dietitians, pharmacists, nurses, family members, and community health workers were more likely to foster ongoing participation and behavior change. This evidence gave us the confidence to move from academic findings to real-world action, creating a bridge between research and community empowerment. Bridging Research and Reality: Our Community-Based Initiative in Surrey, BC Inspired by the findings of our umbrella review, we launched a project in Surrey, BC. Surrey is home to one of Canada’s largest South Asian communities; 37.8% of the Surrey population was South Asian ( 2021 census ). This project, running from March to August 2025, is a collaboration between a local pharmacy, the Canada Indian Network Society (CINS) , and several South Asian community organizations. Our approach is simple but powerful: meet people where they are. We’ve brought diabetes screening directly into temples, gurdwaras, mosques, and community centres, trusted spaces where individuals feel comfortable and respected. Our mobile screening clinics aim to reach up to 300 people every two months, with a focus on early detection and rapid follow-up. Those identified as at risk are immediately linked to primary care, reducing the typical wait time and barriers that often prevent timely diagnosis. But this initiative is more than a screening campaign. It’s a community-driven model of care. In collaboration with the Integrated Practice and Training Network (IPTN), we’re developing culturally adapted self-management tools, including visual guides, recipe cards, and bilingual digital resources, co-created with input from South Asian individuals living with diabetes. These materials are designed not only to inform but also to reflect the cultural values, family dynamics, and everyday challenges that people face. We’ve also embedded a stigma-reduction strategy into this work. Too often, diabetes is perceived as a personal failure or something to hide, especially among older adults and women. By engaging patient partners and community influencers, we’re starting conversations that de-stigmatize the disease and encourage proactive care-seeking. What we learnt from Joy, our patient partner, and her lived experience Meet Joy, a vibrant voice in our community and a passionate patient partner. Joy is of South Asian descent and has been living with type 2 diabetes. In this video, she opens up about her personal journey, the challenges, the turning points, and the strength she’s found along the way. Through her story, we gain insight into the lived experience of managing diabetes and the power of culturally informed care. Let’s hear from Joy. What This Means for Healthcare Providers and the Public For healthcare providers, this work is a reminder that culturally informed care is more than translation. It’s about listening, collaborating, and designing interventions that are grounded in people’s lived experience. Providers must consider cultural norms, family roles, and socioeconomic realities when offering care plans. Small changes, such as integrating traditional foods into meal planning or using familiar metaphors to explain blood sugar, can have a profound impact on trust and engagement. For the South Asian public, our message is this: diabetes is not a life sentence, and you are not alone. Early screening, culturally relevant information, and community-based support can dramatically reduce your risk and help you live well with diabetes. Our work is about making those tools truly accessible, not just available in clinics, but embedded in the fabric of community life. Taking the Next Step The burden of T2D in South Asian communities is significant, but so is our opportunity to respond with compassion, evidence, and creativity. Our project in Surrey is just one example of how research can move off the page and into action. It shows what’s possible when academic rigor meets grassroots collaboration. We are also one of the few websites for T2D support that have a dedicated webpage focusing sorely on South Asian resources. We’re committed to continuing this work, expanding partnerships, and sharing what we learn. We hope others, whether researchers, policymakers, practitioners, or community members, will join us in reimagining what diabetes care can look like: inclusive, personalized, and rooted in equity. This isn’t just about fighting a disease, it’s about affirming the right to good health for all.

✅ May 12–18, 2025 : Celebrate the power of nurses to transform health. ✅ Virtual Events : Join sessions on nursing, primary care, research, and more. ✅ Advocacy & Leadership : Unified voice for equity, inclusion, and nursing leadership. ✅ Special Recognition : Honoring critical care nurses and nursing educators. The Power of Nurses to Transform Health May 12–18, 2025  marks National Nursing Week (NNW) in Canada—a time to recognize and celebrate the unwavering dedication, compassion, and leadership of nurses in every corner of our healthcare system. This year’s theme, “The Power of Nurses to Transform Health,”  acknowledges the transformative role nurses play in shaping better health outcomes for individuals and communities, in Canada and around the world. This annual celebration is rooted in the legacy of Florence Nightingale , whose birthday, May 12, is internationally recognized as International Nurses Day . Each year, national and provincial nursing organizations coordinate a wide range of events and initiatives to amplify the contributions of nurses and nurse educators. Message from BCNU for Nursing Week Why Do We Celebrate National Nursing Week in Canada? This observance recognizes the invaluable contributions of nurses to the health and well-being of individuals, families, and communities across the country. The celebration was officially established in 1971 by the International Council of Nurses , and in 1985 , the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA)  passed a resolution to negotiate with the federal government to declare the week containing May 12 as National Nurses Week . This was renamed National Nursing Week  in 1993 to better reflect the scope and professionalism of nursing in Canada. Nursing isn’t just a profession - it’s a driving force for better health outcomes and stronger care systems - International Council of Nurses (ICN) Nursing Week serves not only to honour the dedication, compassion, and expertise of nurses, but also to advocate for their professional needs and highlight their leadership in advancing safe, equitable, high-quality care for all Canadians. Each year, a national theme is chosen to reflect current priorities and celebrate nurses’ role in transforming health systems. Filmmaker Carolyn Jones : “Nurses know more about who we are and what makes us tick than anybody else” Carolyn Jones spent five years interviewing, photographing and filming nurses across America, traveling to places dealing with some of the nation's biggest public health issues. She shares personal stories on TED of unwavering dedication in this celebration of the everyday heroes who work at the front lines of health care. So What's Happening In Canada for Nurse's Week? National Nursing Week 2025 is a time to honour, celebrate, and elevate the contributions of nurses across Canada. This year’s theme, “The Power of Nurses to Transform Health,”  is brought to life through a wide range of events and initiatives hosted by leading nursing organizations across the country. From virtual learning sessions and leadership panels to public engagement campaigns and professional development opportunities, nurses are being recognized for their critical role in shaping the health system of today and tomorrow. Organizations such as the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA), Nurses and Nurse Practitioners of BC (NNPBC), British Columbia Nurses Union (BCNU), and the Canadian Association of Schools of Nursing (CASN) have come together to offer diverse programming that highlights innovation, equity, research, and collaboration across all domains of nursing practice. Canadian Nurses Association (CNA) The CNA is leading this year’s NNW theme and offering a variety of virtual events: May 12, 12:00 p.m. ET:   The Role of Nurses in Indigenous Health Care  – a CNA-hosted virtual discussion. May 13, 12:00 p.m. ET:   The Power of Nurses to Transform Our Health, Our Future and Our Planet  – CNA Webinar. May 15, 12:00 p.m. ET:   The Power of Nurses to Transform Care with Artificial Intelligence  – CNA Webinar. May 16:   CNA Fireside Chat With Nursing Leaders  and a virtual King Charles III Coronation Medal recognition event . CNA Nursing Week Promotion Material Nurses and Nurse Practitioners of BC (NNPBC): Virtual Learning Series The Nurses and Nurse Practitioners of British Columbia (NNPBC)  are celebrating National Nursing Week 2025  with a rich Virtual Learning Series  from May 12 to 16 , showcasing the innovation, leadership, and impact of nurses across the province. This year’s theme, The Power of Nurses to Transform Health , is brought to life through a week of interactive sessions that reflect NNPBC’s commitment to health equity, system transformation, and unified nursing leadership. Monday, May 12 | 12–1 p.m. PT Lunch & Learn: Indigenous Nursing Services. A focused session on Indigenous-led nursing services and culturally safe care. Tuesday, May 13 | 12–1 p.m. PT Lunch & Learn: Nursing Initiatives for Primary Care. Innovations led by nurses in improving access and delivery of primary health care. Wednesday, May 14 | 12–1 p.m. PT Fireside Chat: The Power of the Unified Nursing Voice. A conversation on collective nursing leadership at provincial, national, and international levels. Thursday, May 15 | 11 a.m.–12 p.m. PT Lunch & Learn: NP Regional Leadership Team. Insights from nurse practitioner leaders across B.C. on regional priorities and impact. Friday, May 16 | 11 a.m.–12 p.m. PT Fireside Chat: Engaging in Nursing Research and Quality Improvement. Highlighting how nurses are advancing practice through research and innovation. NNPBC Nursing Week Promotion Material 📌 Click here to register for the sessions The NNPBC recognizes and celebrates the vital role of nurses across all designations—LPNs, RNs, RPNs, and NPs—and continues to advocate for a unified and inclusive nursing voice in B.C.'s evolving health system. Their activities also reflect a deep respect for Indigenous Peoples and a strong organizational commitment to anti-racism and social justice. British Columbia Nurses’ Union (BCNU) BCNU is honouring National Nursing Week 2025 with several engaging initiatives: There will be various member outreach events throughout the North East region for National Nursing Week. A BCNU campaign vehicle will be on site . Check out the BCNU Events Calendar  for local activities. Province-wide radio tributes  by BCNU President Adriane Gear highlighting the role of nurses in every care setting. Sponsorship of four members , including one Indigenous nurse, to attend the International Council of Nurses Congress in Helsinki . A special webinar on May 14  at 12 p.m. PDT for National Nursing Student Day, focused on union commitments to anti-racism and inclusion. Regional events  across BC, including community celebrations and wellness-focused workshops. Canadian Association of Schools of Nursing (CASN) CASN is spotlighting the vital role of nursing education  with the theme “The Powerful Impact of Nursing Education on Transforming Health Care.”  Their programming highlights some from the afore mentioned programs and includes: May 10:   University of Alberta Open House  – Celebrate nursing history, student voices, and the legacy of U of A’s globally recognized program. May 12:   International Nurses Day  & CNA session on Nurses in Indigenous Health Care. May 13:  CNA webinar on Nurses Transforming Health, the Future, and the Planet. May 14:   National Nursing Student Day  & CASN’s Virtual Vendor Showcase  for nursing educators and decision-makers, (10 a.m. – 5 p.m. ET) open to educators and students across Canada. May 15:  CNA webinar on Artificial Intelligence in Nursing Care. May 16:  CNA Fireside Chat with Nursing Leaders  and a Coronation Medal Recognition Event. May 17–18:  Weekend for reflection and celebration—share your stories and photos online. Thank You Nurse Educators Cards :  A downloadable card for expressing gratitude to nurse educators, preceptors, and mentors. Encouraging schools to submit events, stories, or shoutouts  to be featured on the CASN NNW page. CASN Nursing Week Promotion Material Join the Celebration Whether you are a nurse, student, educator, administrator, or supporter, National Nursing Week 2025 is an opportunity to pause, reflect, and celebrate the difference nurses make every day. From bedside to boardroom, from classroom to community, the power of nurses to transform health  is undeniable. 📣 How are you celebrating NNW 2025?  Share your stories and photos. Let’s honour and uplift the profession that continues to carry us forward.

In April 2025, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) officially recognized a new type of diabetes, Type 5 Diabetes , long overlooked in traditional classifications. Type 5 diabetes (T5D) affects between 20 to 25 million people worldwide, primarily in regions such as Asia and Africa. In response to the rising rates, the IDF formed a working group specifically to explore this, c o-chaired by Dr Meredith Hawkins, an endocrinologist and founding director of the Global Diabetes Institute at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, and Dr Nihal Thomas, a professor of endocrinology at Christian Medical College (CMC) in Vellore, Indian. What is Type 5 Diabetes? While type 2 diabetes (T2D) is often associated with overnutrition and metabolic syndrome , T5D stems from the opposite extreme —years of undernutrition, often beginning in childhood. A lso known as malnutrition-related diabetes , primarily affects individuals with a low body mass index (BMI) who have experienced malnutrition during early childhood or sustained periods of undernutrition. In both cases, though, the pancreas becomes unable to maintain glucose homeostasis, highlighting the dual burden of malnutrition : both excess and deficiency  can drive metabolic disease. Speaking at the recent IDF World Diabetes Congress, Professor Schwarz said: “The recognition of type 5 diabetes marks a historic shift in how we approach diabetes globally. For too long, this condition has gone unrecognised, affecting millions of people and depriving them of access to adapted care. With the launch of the Type 5 Diabetes Working Group, we are taking decisive steps to correct this. This is about equity, science, and saving lives.” Historically referred to in literature as protein-deficient pancreatic diabetes (PDPD)  or fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD) . The pancreas, while anatomically intact, becomes functionally compromised , resulting in impaired insulin production. This functional deterioration is not due to β-cell destruction, but due to chronic metabolic stress and nutrient scarcity . In an era where climate change, political instability, and global economic shocks increasingly affect food systems, nutrition insecurity is rising —even in countries like Canada , the UK, and the United States. This underscores why T5D is no longer solely a disease of the Global South. For years, people living with this form of diabetes were often misdiagnosed with type 1 or T2D, leading to inappropriate treatments. By officially classifying it as type 5, we now have a clearer understanding of its unique metabolic characteristics, which will allow for better diagnosis, care, and treatment tailored to this specific population. With increasing awareness, however, similar pathophysiological patterns are now being identified in marginalized populations within high-income countries —raising concern that Type 5 diabetes is more widespread than previously acknowledged . “ Malnutrition-related diabetes is more common than tuberculosis and nearly as common as HIV/AIDS,” said Dr. Hawkins from IDF. “But without a name, we couldn’t identify patients or create therapies.” Key Features of Type 5 Diabetes Early Onset:  Often develops before age 30. Low BMI:  Individuals maintain a BMI of <19 kg/m² due to chronic undernutrition. No Ketones:  Unlike typical type 1 diabetes, individuals with type 5 rarely experience ketones, even with uncontrolled blood glucose. Insulin Resistance:  They often require high doses of insulin but do not exhibit the same insulin resistance seen in type 2 diabetes. Complications:  Increased risk of diabetes-related complications, especially in the context of food insecurity and poverty. Additionally and compared to T2D Lower insulin secretion  compared to lean individuals without diabetes. Higher glucose production and uptake  compared to individuals with type 2 diabetes. Lower levels of visceral fat  and hepatocellular lipids  compared to type 2 diabetes patients. These patients are often misdiagnosed with T1D  because of their need for high insulin doses, even though they do not share the autoimmune features of type 1 or the typical insulin resistance seen in type 2. A Brief History of Malnutrition-Related Diabetes This form of diabetes has been recognized in medical literature for over 60 years. The condition was first observed by Hugh-Jones in Jamaica in 1955 , where he encountered patients who didn’t fit the classic profiles of type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Their condition was associated with low BMI, early onset of diabetes, and a history of malnutrition. In 1985 , the World Health Organization (WHO) officially classified it as Malnutrition-Related Diabetes Mellitus (MRDM) . However, in 1999, the WHO withdrew the classification due to insufficient evidence linking malnutrition directly to diabetes development. Despite the removal of the classification, subsequent studies continued to support the existence of a unique form of diabetes among individuals with low BMI, especially in LMICs. Studies from countries such as India, Ethiopia, and Iran have shown that this condition is common among individuals who meet the criteria for MRDM, but who were previously misdiagnosed as type 1. The reclassification of MRDM as T5D  by the International Diabetes Federation in 2025 reflects this growing consensus in the scientific community and highlights an urgent need to revisit diabetes screening and treatment strategies in under-resourced populations. The acknowledgment of Type 5 Diabetes not only closes a critical gap in our understanding of global diabetes epidemiology but also calls for the development of tailored, evidence-based treatment protocols. Importantly, it re-centres nutrition and poverty as key determinants of metabolic health—factors that have been underappreciated in the conventional classifications of diabetes until now. The Importance of This Recognition The recognition of T5D is critical for several reasons: ✅ Better Diagnosis: It allows healthcare providers to more accurately diagnose and treat individuals who would otherwise be misclassified as having type 1 diabetes. Understanding that this condition exists as a separate entity will prevent the overuse of insulin therapy, which can be dangerous in populations with food insecurity. ✅ Tailored Treatment Plans: Because individuals with Type 5 Diabetes often have different metabolic profiles from those with type 1 or type 2, they require different management strategies. Research shows that many of these patients don’t need the aggressive insulin regimens that are typically used for type 1 diabetes. Reducing unnecessary insulin use can also prevent dangerous hypoglycemic episodes. ✅ A Step Towards Health Equity: The majority of people affected by T5D live in low to middle income countries, where healthcare resources are often scarce. Recognizing this condition opens the door for more research, better diagnostic tools, and greater awareness, ultimately improving healthcare for vulnerable populations. Connecting T5D and T2D: The Nutritional Link We’re Missing At first glance, Type 2  and Type 5 diabetes  seem worlds apart. But despite their different appearances, these two forms of diabetes are more connected than we might think—especially when it comes to micronutrient deficiencies , sometimes referred to as hidden hunger . A recent systematic review and meta-analysis  in BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health  (2025) pulled data from over 130 studies and 52,000 people  with T2D across the globe. What it found was eye-opening: nearly half  of those withT2D had at least one important micronutrient deficiency. 45.3%  of people with Type 2 diabetes were missing key micronutrients Women  were more affected than men (48.6% vs. 42.5%) The most common deficiencies were: Vitamin D  – 60.45% Magnesium  – 41.95% Iron  – 27.81% Vitamin B12  – 22.01% Among those on metformin  (a common diabetes medication), B12 deficiency  jumped to 28.72% “These deficiencies may act as catalysts in the pathways leading to several diseases like type 2 diabetes.” — Mangal D, et al., 2025 You don’t have to be underweight to be undernourished.  Even people with obesity—often seen in T2D—can be malnourished at the cellular level . Micronutrient shortfalls can mess with insulin signaling, hinder pancreatic function, and throw glucose metabolism out of balance. That’s where T5D comes back into the picture. It’s already been shown to stem from undernutrition—but now, we’re realizing that some of the same deficiencies show up in Type 2 , just wearing a different disguise. So instead of seeing these two types as opposites, it might make more sense to think of them as different expressions of the same underlying issue : the body not getting what it needs to regulate blood sugar properly. These results highlight how subclinical malnutrition —even in the presence of obesity or normal weight—can interfere with insulin signaling, pancreatic function, and glucose metabolism . Thus, the biological boundary between Type 2 an d Type 5 diabetes is increasingly blurred. What’s Next? The reclassification of T5D  is just the beginning of a much-needed shift in how we understand and manage diabetes. Although T5D  is still emerging in the scientific community, it brings to light the need for more research to define and treat this condition, especially in resource-limited settings. As we gain a clearer picture, it’s likely that we’ll see new approaches to diagnosis and treatment for those living with T5D, a form of diabetes often connected with malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries. An important area for progress will be improving diagnostic criteria. As research continues, we’ll likely develop better and more accurate tests that can differentiate T5D  from other forms of diabetes, particularly Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) . This is critical because while both types share certain features, they have distinct metabolic processes that require tailored management. In addition to better diagnostic tools, there is a growing call for more research funding to focus on malnutrition-related diabetes , especially in low-income countries. Much like T2D, T5D is intricately tied to nutrition, and increased funding will help us understand these conditions better and, ultimately, improve outcomes for affected populations. Another important area of focus will be global health advocacy. There is a rising awareness of the intersection between nutrition , poverty , and chronic diseases  like T2D  and T5D . The connection between food insecurity and diabetes, particularly in regions with limited resources, is becoming impossible to ignore. As more attention is given to this issue, we can advocate for policies that ensure people in food-insecure regions receive the care and support they need. What This Means for Clinical Practice For healthcare providers, the implications of T5D  and T2D  will shape daily clinical practices. One of the most immediate changes is making nutrition screening  a routine part of diabetes care. Patients with either T5D  or T2D , especially those with low BMI, chronic illness, or a history of food insecurity, should be assessed for micronutrient deficiencies and malnutrition. By screening for these issues early, we can identify potential complications that may contribute to disease progression and intervene before they worsen. In addition to screening, tailored supplementation  will become an essential part of managing both T2D  and T5D . Both conditions are often linked to specific micronutrient deficiencies, including vitamin D , magnesium , iron , and B12 . These deficiencies can interfere with insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, making it crucial to integrate routine screenings for these vitamins and minerals into diabetes management plans. For patients taking metformin —a common medication for T2D—it’s especially important to monitor B12 levels , as long-term use of the drug can lead to deficiencies. Lastly, healthcare providers can play a crucial role in supporting food security  initiatives. By advocating for policies that increase access to nutritious, affordable food, particularly for vulnerable populations such as children, seniors, and individuals with chronic illnesses, we can help reduce the risk of malnutrition-related diabetes and improve the overall health of these communities. 🌐 Learn More Read more about this atypical diabetes Learn about the T5D at the IDF Diabetes Learn more about micronutrient deficiency in T2D Discover how social determinants of health impact diabetes care by joining us at our upcoming vodcast June 3rd, 2025 Register here 🌍Stay tuned for more interesting insight from the T2D Network